Andersonville

Andersonville was a prison during the Civil War. The prison's purpose was to hold Union soldiers. On a daily schedule the prisoners would only receive a small ration of food. This is what led to many deaths. There were so many deaths which took place in the prison, the guards had to build mass burials. This later led to the end of the war when The Union Won. The Civil War finally was over on April 9, 1865. This was when Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered at the Appamattox Courthouse.

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Sherman's Atlanta Campaign & March to the Sea

The Atalanta Campaign was to get citizens attention to support the capture Atlanta. The Capture of Atlanta was very important because Atlanta was a very important city for the south. Taking away Atlanta would hurt the southern pride while increasing the number of northerner's support for the war and ensuring Lincoln's reelection. Sherman's march was very risky move because there were no ways for communication between armies. Sherman told his troops that they would get food and supplies from the civilians which was also a major risk. Overall this helped Lincoln's reelection, demoralized southerners, destroyed the south's supply lines and made the military for the south unstable.

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Union Blockade of GA's Coast

The blockade of Georgia's coast was part of The Anaconda Plan. The north did this to blocking the line of supplies to the south. This would eventually be the main reason why the north would win the war. The blockade of Georgia meant that the whole entire coast of Georgia was tightly blocked. At the beginning Confederate General Lee did not put up a fight so he could use his troops in other needed areas. The blockade of the coast was a major problem for the south. People living in the south depended on the imports and exports to get their basic needs. Without the major ports the south had no way of getting food and weapons for the war.
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Chickamauga and Chattanooga

In the year 1863 the civil war began to travel towards the south. The Battle of Chickamauga was the first major battle in Georgia. The General for the Confederacy did not pursue the Union right away but in the end the south won. During the battle the Union came from the north and met the Confederacy at Chickmauga. The Union later retreated heading back north. Later The Battle of Chattanooga was when the Union was trapped up until General Grant was able to open a supply line for the north. This location later became the the supply center for the Atlanta Campaign. When General Grant opened the supply line his army could finally march into Georgia.

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Gettysburg

The Battle of Gettysburg was known as the turning point of the war. The battle had the most casualties by reaching over 50,000 soldiers. Lee's original hopes of the battle was to earn foreign recondition. This would help the south a lot because at the time their economy was in bad shape, they were loosing slaves, and soldiers were quitting due to the bad treatment an supply of basic needs. Lee also hoped that one more win for the south would make the north call for peace. Overall Lee's army was forced to retreat to Virginia.

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Emancipation Proclamation

The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Lincoln after The Battle of Antietam. The Emancipation's goal was to eventually end all slavery in the country. However The Emancipation Proclamation did not eliminate slavery all at once. The document only stopped slavery in certain parts of the Union. One reason for this was because President Lincoln needed the population of the country on his side. This meant that he needed support from the border states. Other reasons for the document being carefully worded included the fear that premature action that could over turn in the next election, constitutional protections of slavery, and prejudices of many northerners. The Emancipation did help free all slaves living in the states at war and made the Union fight for African American rights instead of secession or rebellion. On the other hand, The Emancipation Proclamation did not free slaves living in the border states or free every single slave there was.

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Antietam

The Battle of Antietam was the bloodiest battle of The Civil War. The battle took place on September 17, 1862. The reason for the battle was because the south was doing very well in the war and had enough momentum for General Robert E. Lee to invade the north. Lee mostly did this because of his confidence that he would win easily, forcing the Union to give up but also to gain foreign recognition. But the battle was not as easy for the south as General Lee thought. The Union had twice as many soldiers, they were fighting on their own land, and they had The Confederate battle plans. The north withdrew and Lincoln removed General McClellan due to his lack of aggressiveness.  Overall the south won the battle but President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

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Confederate/Union weaknesses & strengths and Ft. Sumter and Bunker Hill

Strengths and Weaknesses

The Confederate's main weakness was their small population compared to the Union. The Confederacy only had 9 million soldiers instead of 22 million in the north. Although the Confederacy had a smaller population they had very well trained generals and they were fighting on their own land. This meant that the south only had to defend their land instead of conquering land to win battles. The north on the other hand did not have well trained generals and they had to fight on unfamiliar land. One of the north's main strength was that they controlled the navy. The north also had many industries to help produce necessary supplies needed for war.

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Ft. Sumter and Bull Run

      Ft. Sumter was a very important battle that took place during the Civil War because it was the very first battle. The battle showed that the north would not give up easily and that it was the start of a big war. Bull Run was the next battle that took place during The Civil War on July 21, 1861. The battle taught both the north and the south a lot about the reality of war. The north saw the war as only a few easy battle where they would win very easily. At Bull Run many citizens came to watch the battle with their friends and family. This was because they did not understand how scary war is and that they would not win as easily as they had hoped.

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Secession in GA and Alexander Stephens' role

      In 1861 Georgia held a Secession Convention. Unlike some states Georgia did not have a unanimous vote on whether the state of Georgia would secede from the Union or stay. Secessionists wanted to leave while on the other hand cooperationists wanted to stay. The overall vote ended up for secession.
      Alexander Stephen was chosen as the Vice President of the Confederacy. At first he was not sure if he wanted the south to secede or not. Stephen agreed and supported the Compromise of 1850 only if the Fugitive Slave Law was enforced. As a result he found that slavery was eventually going to happen no matter what.

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Election of 1860

The Election of 1860 was when Abraham Lincoln ran for president. In this election the south was not represented meaning that Lincoln's votes were completely from the north and none from south. This caused major controversies. South Carolina secede and then shortly after several other southern states including Georgia seceded. Georgia seceded on January 19, 1861. This overall caused tension buildup all over the country.    

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The Dred Scott Case

Dred Scott was a former slave living in the north for more that two years. The Dred Scott Case took place in the year 1857. The case was formed because the Scott tried to sue for his freedom since he had lived in the north, where there was no slavery but the Supreme Court said that he was a slave, therefor not a free man. This created a lots of conflicts between the north and the south. States in the north were free where Dred Scott would have been a free man but the Supreme court though differently. This angered abolitionists in the north and motivated them to fight harder for the rights of African Americans. This overall caused major tension between the two sides leading up to the Civil War.

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

The Kansas-Nebraska Act took place in the year 1854. This act allowed white male citizens living in an a state to vote on whether their state would be admitted as a free state or a slave state. The Kansas-Nebraska Act meant that the Missouri Compromised was going to be repealed. This was because the people decided if the states were free or slave instead of the a linen (north of the 36 30 parallel) drawn by the government. This plan was to overall make everyone content but conflicts began to form over the topics of slavery.

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Compromise of 1850, Fugitive Slave Act, and Georgia Platform

The Compromise of 1850

The Compromise of 1850 was when California wanted to officially join the Union. California was already very sophisticated due to the Gold Rush that took place from 1848-1855. Although California was sophisticated with a steady economy, the balance of free and slave states would become off balance if the state joined. California was later approved to join and was admitted as a free state. Texas had to give up some of their land that is now Mexico in return for $10 million. Another action taken during the Compromise of 1850 was slavery was abolished in Washington D.C. This did not mean that slavery was completely gone in the state, only buying and selling of slaves were stopped. The last part of the Compromise was the Fugitive Slave Act. 

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Fugitive Slave Act

The Fugitive slave act happened in the year 1850. The Fugitive Slave Act said that the citizens living in the state could vote on whether it was a free state or a slave state. The document also denied any jury trials while more government enforcement was used to enforce laws. Because of the this act if someone living in the north who found a runaway slave belonging to the south did not return them they would be fined. This was a major controversy in the Compromise of 1850 and gave motivation to abolitionist in the north. 

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The Georgia Platform

The Georgia Platform took place in the year 1850. The Georgia Platform agreed with the compromise only if the north agreed to the Fugitive Slave Act. This meant that the north would no longer be able to try to stop slavery from spreading over the country. If any of this did not happen the south would secede from the Union.     data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBxQTEhQUEhQUFRUXGB

The Missouri compromise

The Missouri Compromise took place in the year 1820. The reason for the Missouri Compromise was to even out the number of slave states and free states. This made Maine would become a free state while Missouri became a slave state.  The Missouri Compromise stated that slaves states north of the 36 30 parallel were no longer allowed. During this time plantation owners in the south needed slaves to help with the cotton production. Southerners became concerned that their slaves would be taken away making the plantations loose significant amounts of money and closing. The north became the stronger part of the United States due to its population. This made the southerners nervous because they knew that the larger the population in the north, the more abolitionist there would be.

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States' Rights and Nullification

States' Rights and Nullification took place in the year 1832. South Carolina felt that the states' needs should come before the federal governments' needs.  To do this they would have to ignore the federal tariff law.  President Andrew Jackson did not like the idea of this so he sent naval troops to South Carolina. This caused a lot  of trouble for the states because it almost started a war.  South Carolina then got the Supreme Court involved to solve the issue.  The two sides of the crisis was from President Jackson and from John C. Calhoun. President Jackson felt that giving the states too much power would ruin the Union.  On the other hand John C. Calhoun felt that if the laws were unconstitutional then the states should be able to nullify it.

Sectionalism

Sectionalism is tension between regions of a country.  Sectionalism occurred in the United States during the Civil War.  Tension build up was mainly because of slavery. Southerners needed slaves to work on their large plantations that grew cotton. Cotton served as the main crop in the south and would grow year round so there was a constant  need for slaves. Plantation owners would not pay their slaves any money but instead they would let them live with them and feed them.  On the other hand, the north did not approve of slavery as much as the south. In the north there were more industries and manufactures. The north still needed the help of slaves but instead of giving them a place to stay and feeding them, they would pay them very little to buy their own houses and food.  Because the amount of money the slaves mad were so poor they had to live in terrible living conditions and had little to no food. This caused a major controversy between the north and the south. Overall the north and the south became very separated by tension build up and the states were not united as they were intended to be.

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